done, and that is we got a number of teams inside nazi germany, into--into something like 60 german cities so this would have been a coup for the oss and a coup for the roosevelt administration of the war. c-span: what is magic? >> guest: the us code crackers were working very hard prior to 1940 in breaking the japanese diplomatic code. they called it code purple. they finally broke that code, and there--there b--it was broken s--by a team led by a man named frank rowlett. rowlett and--and his people were now able, in effect, to place the president of the united states on the distribution list of the japanese foreign office because we're breaking these messages, they're available in a very sh--in a very short time. they may--it may be a message from the foreign offices in tokyo to the american--or to--excuse me--to the japanese ambassadors in washington. we're breaking that code and these messages go up to pre--to president roosevelt very quickly. and that's what the magic operation was. very important because our breaking of the japanese codes were responsible for our 1942 victory in the